Hunting and Gathering vs. Agriculture Essay - 732 Words

From the early prehistoric society until now, we often heard the word â€Å"adaptation†, which means the process of changing something or changing our behavior to deal with new situations. The ways people adjust their natural environment varies according to time, place, and tribe. Foraging is common way of adaptation that people uses for most of human history; however because of the population pressure, some people adopt agriculture to fulfill their need. This essay, will discuss the positive and negative aspects of life in hunting and gathering societies compared to the agricultural societies based on Martin Harris’ article â€Å"Murders in Eden† and Jared Diamond’s article â€Å"The Worst Mistake in the History of Human Race.† Hunting and†¦show more content†¦It also takes more additional hours of food preparation to make it is suitable for consumption. It appears that hunter-gatherers have more leisure time than farmers. On the other hand, an agricultural system absorbs more labor and increased workload per capita. Based on the output of production, agriculture is perceived as an advance because farmers can produce more food within a smaller area than they could possibly obtain as hunter-gatherers. Harris says that this situation happened since farmers control â€Å"the rate of plant reproduction† (Harris 219), which means that immediate adverse consequences could be prevented with the intensification of production. On the other hand, hunter-gatherers, which depend on the availability of natural plants and animals; consequently, can raise their output very little. However, although farmers can produce more food than hunter-gatherers do, the numbers of crops are limited; therefore, when the crops failed, there is risk of starvation. In order to keep their standard of living, hunter-gatherers have to keep their population low. They use many ways to prevent pregnancy, such as herbal contraceptives, plant and animal poisons, and many mechanical techniques for abortion. Hunter-gatherers are also likely to use infanticide and geronticide, which means the killing of infant and oldShow MoreRelatedOrigin Of Agriculture And Village Life1758 Words   |  8 PagesOrigin of Agriculture and Village Life: Natufian Culture vs. Early Chinese Neolihic Food is one of the most biological needs of human, so obtaining food has always been in human priority. So the question here is that if our ancient could hunt and gather, why did some ancient societies turn to food production and sedentism? Well, in contrast to hunting and gathering as a way of life of our ancients, agriculture implies modifying the environment in order to exploit it more effectively. According toRead MoreAgriculture : A Global Environmental And Humanitarian Issue1489 Words   |  6 PagesAgriculture uses the domestication and cultivation of animals, plants, fungi and other life forms to produce food, fiber, biofuel, medicinal and other products to help sustain and enhance human life. Agriculture has existed for over the last 10,000 years and is credited into propelling our civilization into the modern cultures and technologies we see today. Without the ability to store and domesticate plants and animals it is unlikely that we would have been able to evolve beyond o ur hunting andRead MoreHow Social Complexity Develop Through Consensus Or Conflict?1698 Words   |  7 PagesAs well as my own thought’s, I will be discussing the ideologies of a number of professionals, both in archaeology and social anthropology, focusing mainly on the early development of the archaic Mesopotamian and Mesoamerican civilisations. Conflict vs. Consensus Conflict theory is a term that was first advocated by the German philosopher and sociologist Karl Marx (1818-1883). First and foremost, it is important for us to understand how conflict within society can arise. Marx’s methodology or anotherRead MoreWhy Don t More Men Make Their Own Sandwiches?1104 Words   |  5 Pagestendency towards â€Å"man the hunter† and â€Å"woman the gatherer†, but sometimes men also participated in the gathering of plant foods and women hunted with dogs and weapons.3 The work of both men and women were valuable for survival and neither sex was thought to have an innate ability to perform certain tasks better than the other. Agricultural The agricultural revolution began with shift agriculture, and there was an â€Å"all hands on deck† approach to labour. Men and women worked on the field with handRead MoreChanges in the Land Essay1072 Words   |  5 Pagesthe writings of the first European settlers to describe the lands and how the Europeans affected the land differently than the Natives had during their years tending it by themselves. The difference between the politics behind the way the Europeans vs. the Natives lived was a large subject in the text and set way to shape the discussion of how the Europeans viewed and utilized resources. Their ideas of productive and consumptive use eventually made land laws come into effect, a concept that was muchRead MoreCritical Analysis of Diamond Essay1556 Words   |  7 Pagesbiologically the same, because they came form the same ancestors a thousand years ago. But the island that the Moriori were living on couldn’t support very many people, crops werenâ€⠄¢t able to grow, and the hunting and gathering didn’t require very complex tools or technologies. However, the Maori had agriculture (leading to specialization), were frequently at war (resulting in war technologies), and were able to support many more people. It is not surprising that the Moriori were easily defeated when the twoRead MoreThe Evolutionary Theory Of Suicide3173 Words   |  13 Pagesthose who have attempted or committed suicide have to face having six times the risk of suicide as those do not fit the criteria. In the article Carol Ezzell talks about what are the causes of suicide. She spoke on the back and forth between the Nature vs Nurture debate that some believe it is something you naturally know and other factors play into it. Suicide being one of the darkest and terrifying aspects of human behavior and to understand how and why it takes place could help prevent it from helpingRead MoreProgression vs Conservation-From the View Point of Third World Countries3064 Words   |  13 Pagesprogression among third world countries in the 21st century. (â€Å"The Economy Vs. Environment Debate,† n.d.) There seemingly appears to be conflict between the act of progressing in terms of development and conservation. Our world has been rapidly changing over the past decade. This is due to the fact that the Industrial Revolution took place towards the end of the 18th century, covering the span of the early 19th century. (â€Å"The Economy Vs. Environment Debate,† n.d.) The Industrial Revolution involved newRead MoreEssay on History of Economics2136 Words   |  9 PagesEconomics 515 Midterm 1 1. Economic growth vs. economic development, define extensive growth intensive growth Economic growth is the sustained increase in the output of goods/services of a society. Economic development is economic growth plus changes in technical and institutional arrangements by with output are produced. Extensive growth- increase in output due to increase in inputs (labor force grows, land stock increases) Intensive growth- increase in output per unit of input –Read MoreTheories of Development2183 Words   |  9 Pageswas very direct (Laibman, 2006). The ruling class physically owned the lower class and slaves had little to no motivation to advance the productive forces by increasing their labour productivity. The ancient stage was economically supported by agriculture and the discovery of trade. During this stage there were the introduction of a new technology which mainly involved the use of animals (horses, cows and ox) and the development of two ways farming. This mode of production can be identified within

Mark Twain Masculinity Essay - 2068 Words

19th century America was a time period in which the definition of masculinity grew through a man’s power and work. To be considered as â€Å"that man†, what was needed was power, wealth, and even the appearance of a man himself. It was often times violent in the battle for who was the â€Å"manlier man†, as it related to the real world of Twain’s 19th century. Masculinity was a way for these men to create dominance and get their way throughout duels and even bargaining. Twain’s view on 19th century America can be of comparison to Arthurian England with the comparison of a King and the lower man. Twain builds on the world that men have come to think that doing one bad thing, is even good for their wellbeing, and to hold that masculine image.†¦show more content†¦The diction is used rather than much simpler words to build onto the scene and write it to be more detailed. The idea of gender and masculinity created by Jehlen gives us an idea of how masculinity seen through the viewpoint of Twain. Although Jehlen’s idea focuses more on the idea of femininity, an interpretation that could be quite significant is that there is a â€Å"literary phenomena that have no intrinsic association with sex† (263), opposing to Twain’s idea of masculinity because through literary devices, the men and masculinity can be viewed through dogs, there is no exact claim or connotation that women can be interpreted in this way. Jehlen’s theory is a contrast to Twain’s passage about the dog-fight because through reading the dog-fight the personification that can be interpreted is upon the men, because of the different feminine characters throughout the novel. On the other hand, it does relate to the previous cited quotes because there are few characters who work against the different associations with sex, such as Clarence, who comes off a bit more feminine and smaller in masculinity characteristics. Gender is s een by Jehlen as more of their nature over nurture and how men and women â€Å"reflect(s) history and culture rather than nature† (264), connects to Twains specific passage about the dog-fight because ofShow MoreRelatedThe Idea Of Modernity In Paul Therouxs Being A Man1418 Words   |  6 PagesIn Paul Theroux essay â€Å"Being a Man† appearing in his book, â€Å"Sunrise with Sea monsters: Travels and Discoveries† he challenges the modern views of what â€Å"being a real man† means in today’s society. According to Theroux, the concept of manhood is to â€Å"be stupid, be unfeeling, obedient, soldierly, and stop thinking.† (p.1) Throughout the essay he expresses his strong dislike of these standards he believes are an insult to the whole idea of masculinity. Through personal stories and various examples, heRead MoreThe Philosophy of Transcendentalism Essay1292 Words   |  6 Pagescreativity in all people. â€Å"Nothing is possible within o ur distinctively human world without creative insight and interpretation. His attention to what it means to make something new and his concern about the influence of the past, of books and monuments, mark him as an important figure in the production of a national literature† (Carr, 10). The Over-soul is the philosophy that the nature in which we reside creates our world in depth by means of our insight and interpretations. Emersons emphasis on nonconformityRead More The Forgotten Female in the Works of Ernest Hemingway Essay3143 Words   |  13 Pagesusually, of young men coming of age. There are few, if any, stories in the canon of women coming of age, however, and Hemingway is not the first to suffer the wrath of feminist critics. But is this wrath justified?    In his dissertation, Mark G. Newton reviews some of the critical literature that places Hemingway within the misogynist genre. Cliches [sic] abound, he says. Hemingway was in search of his manhood (an ignoble quest?); he hated women; he had a death wish and a thinRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesL. Jurkiewicz, Louisiana State University John Kammeyer-Mueller, University of Florida Edward Kass, Saint Joseph’s University Marsha Katz, Governors State College James Katzenstein, California State University John Keiser, SUNY College at Brockport Mark Kendrick, Methodist University Mary Kern, Baruch College Robert Key, University of Phoenix Sigrid Khorram, University of Texas at El Paso Hal Kingsley, Erie Community College Jeffrey Kobles, California State University San Marcos Jack Kondrasuk, University

Secret River Free Essays

Shaira Sanchez 05/09/12 Shaira Sanchez 05/09/12 The Secret River by Kate Grenville Essay Explain the way that narrative devices have been employed by an author to construct a representation of people or places in at least one text that you have studied. You must make specific reference to â€Å"The Secret River. † One of Australia’s finest writers Kate Grenville wrote The Secret River which challenges traditional gender roles of women in the early nineteenth century London and Australia. We will write a custom essay sample on Secret River or any similar topic only for you Order Now The novel has challenged the female stereotype in a patriarchal society through the strong female character of Sal Thornhill. Sal has been the brains of her family through their tough times in London and their settlement in Sydney. Sal is the wife of William Thornhill, a convict. The memory of how the gentry treated Thornhill pushed him to work himself up into the foreign land of Australia to become like that gentleman he had served once back in London, in the water of Thames–the one with the power and the one who looked down on him who represents the working class. His determination to set off a space for himself in the foreign land eventually placed him and some of the settlers in direct opposition to the Aboriginal people by their desire to finally have control on their own lives. The use of a wide range of narrative devices in The Secret River has vividly taken the readers back to the nineteenth century where power and wealth determines a man’s position in the society. Sal Thornhill has been constructed in The Secret River as a strong female character who challenges traditional gender roles in the early nineteenth century–mainly when women were biologically, socially and intellectually inferior. Although Sal was raised in a quite comfortable lifestyle, she still has managed to cope with the tragic events in her life as a mother and as a wife. We see through Thornhill’s limited omniscient point of view that Sal would have to â€Å"brighten herself up† because they both knew that Sal would have to offer her service in the cold streets of London to support her family’s financial needs, while Thornhill was convicted for theft. Sal’s staggering sacrifices did not just end in London. Her character even became stronger when they settled in a place that nothing Thornhill had ever seen–where â€Å"trees were tortured formless things† that looked half dead and when Christmas was during the hot days of summer. Women in that time were normally perceived as housekeepers and child-bearers. However, Sal did not just take care of her family emotionally and physically, but financially as well â€Å"At the end of each week Sal would count up the takings, from Thornhill’s work on the water and from her own selling liquor, and hide them away in a box. † which is evident through the descriptive language used. As a migrant myself, I understood Sal’s attitude towards the new environment that she was in. It wasn’t a part of her plan, but she accepted the circumstances and lived with it half-heartedly. Although her heart was always reminding her of ‘Home’, her mind and body still endured the harsh conditions, all for her family. It wasn’t the usual approach of women back in the nineteenth century to stand up for her family instead of the husband. However, Sal’s character was constructed to challenge the representation of women during that time by being the provider and the child-bearer all at once. Sal, her family, and the other settlers encountered the ‘otherness’ once they arrived in Sydney–which had two different representations as a race in The Secret River. Australia was not an empty land when the Thornhills and the white settlers arrived. They were not expecting people living in that type of place for thousands of years. These people were as strange as the place through the settlers’ perception. There was one who hung about the Thornhills’ hut and entertained them, dressed only with a faded-pink bonnet on his head in trade for food and a sip of rum. They called him Scabby Bill who represents the ‘visible’ natives. His drunkenness and his appearance symbolises the detrimental impact of colonialism to the Aboriginals. The other sort of native were the ‘invisible’ ones who stayed away from the settlement. They were represented through Long Jack’s strong character. The settlers did not initially affect them, but they saw them as â€Å"snakes or the spiders, not something that could be guarded against† which symbolises as a threat to their dreams. The blacks, on the other hand had a different view of what the settlers referred to as ‘stealing’. Their belief is that nobody owns the land, not them, not the settlers. This clash of beliefs has lead to the novel’s climax, the massacre, where the ‘invisible’ became ‘visible’. The way Thornhill addresses the natives and were given English names symbolises Thornhill’s attitude being Eurocentric. Thornhill did not want to be engaged to the natives, but he himself implanted the European traditions on them. The settlers did not have the same beliefs towards the blacks, just like the natives were to them which also lead to two different representations–one that respects the ‘otherness’ and one that doesn’t. A huge contrast in the characters was made in the novel between Blackwood and Smasher. Blackwood was described as a huge deep and silent man who had â€Å"a rough dignity about him†. He believed in the concept of â€Å"give a little, take a little† in terms of dealing with the blacks. While Smasher’s appearance was constructed as â€Å"a naked-looking face without eyebrows† and always craves for attention that is evident through his dialogue that he had â€Å"not seen the event (rage) personally† but spreads the story anyway. He believed in the concept of ‘whips and biters’. There was no single respect that was given to the blacks from Smasher. Of all the characters, Blackwood has the greatest knowledge and appreciation of the Aboriginals and even lived with an Aboriginal woman and had a child. Smasher did live with one as well, but he referred to her as his â€Å"black bitch. † Although the settlers had the same hopes of finding a better life in Australia, they still ended up on two different paths due to the contrast on their attitude towards the Aboriginals. William Thornhill’s character was not constructed consistently in The Secret River as his attitudes and values towards Australia and the Aboriginals changed throughout the novel. Through Thornhill’s limited omniscient point of view, we sympathise with him by the way the gentry treated him as a waterman in the lower class. He had worked hard but his efforts were not appreciated, thus, pushed him to steal that lead him in his deportation to Australia. Thornhill and the majority of the convicts found a hope for a better life in Australia. It was what they have always longed for–to own a land, to finally have something they can call their own. Thornhill’s change n values was revealed through his dialogue, â€Å"Forgetting your manners are you, Dan Oldfield† he said to an old friend who he chose as one his servants. He became hungry for power and authority when he had a taste on what it was like to be on top of the others: on top of his fellow settlers, on top of the Aboriginals. Thornhill has spoken to the Aboriginals the way the gentry did to him â€Å"Old Boy, he started. He fancied the sound of that. † Thornhill and some of settlers saw the blacks as a hindrance to their one last chance to achieve their ultimate dream, like when Sagitty suggested to â€Å"get them before they get us. He has been successful in this goal but behind the high walls of his ‘villa’, was an unfulfilled William Thornhill after losing his friends and ultimately, his son Dick, who sympathise to the indigenous way of life. He became like the gentry, but not quite. He possessed the land, the house, the servants, but not the respect. The scars of his past were embedded on his name–William Thornhill, who was once a waterman, illiterate and an ex-convict. The Secret River has diverse representations of gender, class and race that have been successfully constructed in each character through the use of narrative devices. Sal represents those women who stood up for their family, in spite of the tagged inferiorities built by the society through the years especially in the nineteenth century and the earlier times. Scabby Bill and Long Jack represent the two different approach of their race on colonisation of the Europeans. Their values differ, just as the settlers’ views had towards them. Blackwood amongst all the others respects the Aboriginals, while Smasher had no heart for these people and treated them like animals. William Thornhill as the novel’s protagonist did not have a certain representation. His whole character was constructed based on his life back in London that resulted in a change of values as he found himself flourishing in his new ‘Home’. This novel lets the readers engage themselves in each of the representations effectively through Thornhill’s limited omniscient point of view. We tend to judge the differences in gender, in every class and in every race through what the society has already built on people as time goes by. However, Kate Grenville gave us a wider view of how each of these people ended up the way they were before, and the way they are in present time. As a migrant myself, I can compare myself with Sal, above all the characters. Migration wasn’t a part of our plan, but if that leads us to a better life, why not endure the circumstances? At the end of the day, every sacrifice and effort will be worth it. However, I believe that I will never end up the way Thornhill had– a wealthy man with a ‘villa’, without a peace of mind. How to cite Secret River, Papers

Issues in Business Communication Free Samples-Myassignmenthelp

Question: Write an Essay on Contemporary Issues in Business Communication. Answer: Introduction The ability of a business to communicate is important for a business to success. It is necessary to communicate in an effective manner not with the employees but with the clients as well. Communication is one of the important factors for attaining efficacy in business. However there are challenges that business are facing in a multidimensional business organization. Technology is one of effective tool that is used by business organizations to manage functions. Understanding the business problem is important in order to find an appropriate solution. The most important aspect of communication is to listen to the problems in order to develop skills. This is one of the efficient techniques used in order to manage excess pressure. It is evident that the modern business organization should develop effective communication procedures in order to attain desired results. In order to avoid the level of frustration a business origination need to develop effective market strategies. These strateg ies will help the organization in order to get the effective result. The contemporary businesses are undergoing major issues in dealing with the problems. The report establishes necessity of communication in modern business organization. The report also includes the contemporary issues in business communication faced by Pauls in Australia. Companys Overview Pauls is an extraordinary dairy passionate about making great tasting products that are packed with real goodness. They are selling dairy products that include milk, cream, custard, yoghurt and flavored milk. They are currently known as number 1 milk and dairy brand. The company is supporting hundreds of Australian farmers and produces wholesome Australian milk. They are known for providing extraordinary quality products (Pauls, 2017). Contemporary issues in Business Communication One of the major issues faced by the modern organization in managing an organization is related to effective communication. It is difficult for the teams to communicate with the teams in an effective manner. This is important task for a business organization to find out an effective way through which communication is carried in an organization (Ferraro and Brody, 2015). Pauls has to manage the team in an effective manner in order to attain efficacy. It is difficult to manage conflicts in teams. It is evident that the organization needs to resolve the conflicts by expressing opinion (Rothaermel, 2015). There should be a proper agreement regarding idea, rules and principles. This is important for an organization to develop cohesiveness in order to attain efficient results. Communication barrier needs to be effectively addressed through free flow of information. Moreover there should be proper consensus between the teams. In this way the organization can address the problems in an effec tive manner (Hill, Jones and Schilling, 2014). Modern organizations are facing problems in managing the function due to maximum outreach. It is a matter of great concern that Paul has maximum outreach in Australia. It is difficult to communicate effectively with the stakeholders. It is important to form efficient relationship with the stakeholders in order to attain long-term profitability. Communication effectively is becoming an issue in modern business organization (Martin and Nakayama, 2013). With global competition it is becoming difficult for the business organizations to manage communication. Large size business organizations are using effective communication channels to communicate with the stakeholders. In such a competitive atmosphere it has become important to deal appropriately with the communication issues (Burdine, 2015). Communication is the lifeline of a business and it is important for the business organizations to effectively evaluate the necessity regarding the issues related to communication. It is essential to establish an effective communication channel between the subsidiaries in order to resolve the issues (Slack, 2015). The modern business organization is finding difficulty in managing the operations across the different channel of business. It is important for the business to establish an effective business channel or hierarchy system in order to address the issues. It is seen that the business organizations are facing problems in meeting the targets (Cornelissen, 2014). In such a situation it is evident that the proper mechanism needs to be followed so that the issues can be addressed smoothly. By far the organization is working in Australia; it may plan to expand its business functions effectively so that the goals can be attained (Morschett, Schramm-Klein and Zentes, 2015). Professional business communication requires proper addressing of issues occurring at the initial level. Majority of organization find difficulty in managing wok due to inefficiency in professional communication. Sustainability at work can only be attained in an effective manner if the organization wants to adopt efficiency. In such a competitive atmosphere it is necessary that Paul need to address the issues that can create a problem in a future date. Communication need to be effective enough in order to address the serious issues (Morden, 2016). In such a competitive scenario the problem can only be addressed if the organization follows an effective business communication channel. Competitive business environment can create issues for the company and it has become evident that the business needs to develop a business atmosphere to overcome the problem (Frynas and Mellahi, 2015) Opportunities Small business organizations have wider opportunities in order to manage the functions in an effective manner. If an organization adopts an effective business communication channel then they can easily overcome the issues they are facing. It is important for the small size business to manage the communication related issues. In case of multiple issues in an organization it is important to address the issues in an effective manner. There are no intercultural issues in the company as it only operates in Australia. Under such a competitive business atmosphere it is necessary to develop efficiency by focusing on every individual unit established locally. In such a disruptive business atmosphere it is necessary to find out an appropriate way to deal with the problems occurring at different level (Stead and Stead, 2013; Hubbard, Rice and Galvin, 2014.). Recommendations and conclusion Communication issues occur everywhere whether the organization is big or small. It is evident that the business can only attain efficiency if the problems are addressed in an effective manner. The most important aspect of communication is to listen to the problems in order to develop skills. It is recommended to Paul that they need to follow an effective communication channel in order to deal with the problems. Majority of problems in an organization occurs due to ineffective communication channel. The issues are not addressed effectively in the business organizations that creates problem. It is evident that Paul should conduct a thorough study in the organizational culture. This will help the organization in earning better understanding. It is necessary that the problems need to be addressed at a lower level. This will allow organization to cope up with the issues and to form efficiencies. It is difficult for the teams to communicate with the teams in an effective manner. Team manag ement and communication is one of the crucial issues occurring in the business organization. This is however necessary to develop effective business channel so that communication barriers are easily resolved at a primary level. To conclude the report includes all the important aspect required to meet the issues occurring in a business organization. Paul is a famous business organization in Australia. As per the current situation it is seen that the local organizations are facing issues due to multinational companies. In such a situation it is important to develop effective business atmosphere so that the clangs can be addressed. The report addresses all the major issue and suggests appropriate techniques to meet the targets. Each company can only develop if they follow an appropriate communication channel. References Burdine,A.2015. 10 Common Business Communication Problems and 20 Solutions. Online. Available at: https://yourcri.com/10-common-business-communication-problems-and-20-solutions/ Accessed on: 27 April 2017 Cornelissen, J., 2014.Corporate communication: A guide to theory and practice. Sage. Ferraro, G. and Brody, E.K., 2015.Cultural Dimension of Global Business. Routledge. Frynas, J.G. and Mellahi, K., 2015.Global strategic management. Oxford University Press, USA. Hill, C.W., Jones, G.R. and Schilling, M.A., 2014.Strategic management: theory: an integrated approach. Cengage Learning. Hubbard, G., Rice, J. and Galvin, P., 2014.Strategic management. Pearson Australia. Martin, J.N. and Nakayama, T.K., 2013.Experiencing intercultural communication. McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Morden, T., 2016.Principles of strategic management. Routledge. Morschett, D., Schramm-Klein, H. and Zentes, J., 2015.Strategic international management. Springer. Pauls, 2017. Online. Available at: https://www.pauls.com.au/about-us/ Accessed on: 27 April 2017 Rothaermel, F.T., 2015.Strategic management. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. Slack, N., 2015.Operations strategy. John Wiley Sons, Ltd. Stead, J.G. and Stead, W.E., 2013.Sustainable strategic management. ME Sharpe.

Things Fall Apart Story Essay Example For Students

Things Fall Apart Story Essay Things Fall Apart is a story about personal beliefs and customs and also a story about conflict. There is struggle between family, culture, and religion of the Ibo people which is all brought on by a difference in personal beliefs and customs. There are the strong opinions of the main character, Okonkwo. We are also introduced to the views of his village, Umuofia. Finally, we see how things fall apart when these beliefs and customs are confronted by those of the white missionaries. Chinua Achebe is a product of both native and European cultures. This has a great effect on the telling of the story. When he tells the story with an understanding and personal experiences in both cultures. He does not portray the African culture and their beliefs as barbaric. He simply tells it as it is and how things happened. It is the same with the white men. Chinua Achebe realized that neither of the cultures were bad, but they simply had a difference in beliefs. We see a conflict early in the story between Okonkwo and his father, Unoka. â€Å"Okonkwo was ruled by one passion – to hate everything that his father Unoka had loved. We will write a custom essay on Things Fall Apart Story specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now One of those things was gentleness and another was idleness† (p. 13). Unoka was considered to be a failure. Okonkwo did not receive anything from his father and he had to start out with nothing. His goal in life was to obtain great wealth and to have many wives and children. The Ibo people considered these things signs of success. Yet, his greatest goal was his desire to become one of the powerful elders of the clan. It is Okonkwo’s inner anger and bitterness over his father’s failure that seemed to be the driving force behind everything he did in life. This was evident in the fact that he always felt as though he had to do what was manly and he hated weakness. Just as Okonkwo did not want to be like his father, Nwoye did not want to be like Okonkwo. Nwoye possessed traits that Okonkwo did not such as gentleness, forgiveness, and acceptance. Okonkwo saw these as signs of weakness. â€Å"Okonkwo never showed any emotion openly, unless it be the emotion of anger. To show affection was a sign of weakness; the only thing worth demonstrating was strength† (p. 28). Okonkwo considered Nwoye to be lazy and wanted him to be a success like himself. Okonkwo wanted his son to be a great farmer and a great man. I will not have a son who cannot hold up his head in the gathering of the clan. I would sooner strangle him with my own hands† (p. 33). This is an example of the difference in personal beliefs among family. Some may say that the book is about the differences in beliefs between the Africans and the colonizers, but it is more than that. It is clear that it was Okonkwo’s personal beliefs and not necessarily the views of the people of Umuofia which guided him in what he did. One of these is his reliance in the strength of anger. Although he felt strongly in the beliefs and customs of the Ibo people, there are several occasions in which Okonkwo made a decision to disobey the customs in order to live out his own personal beliefs. For example, in chapter four, Okonkwo is yelled at by Ezeani, the priest of the earth goddess, for beating his wife during the sacred week of peace. Okonkwo did not feel remorse for his actions and probably thought of it as a sign of strength and manhood. Okonkwo was always worried about being seen as weak. One good example of this is when he kills Ikemefuna. .u0dad7f739ecbb24d1a38553034cfc45a , .u0dad7f739ecbb24d1a38553034cfc45a .postImageUrl , .u0dad7f739ecbb24d1a38553034cfc45a .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u0dad7f739ecbb24d1a38553034cfc45a , .u0dad7f739ecbb24d1a38553034cfc45a:hover , .u0dad7f739ecbb24d1a38553034cfc45a:visited , .u0dad7f739ecbb24d1a38553034cfc45a:active { border:0!important; } .u0dad7f739ecbb24d1a38553034cfc45a .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u0dad7f739ecbb24d1a38553034cfc45a { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u0dad7f739ecbb24d1a38553034cfc45a:active , .u0dad7f739ecbb24d1a38553034cfc45a:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u0dad7f739ecbb24d1a38553034cfc45a .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u0dad7f739ecbb24d1a38553034cfc45a .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u0dad7f739ecbb24d1a38553034cfc45a .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u0dad7f739ecbb24d1a38553034cfc45a .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u0dad7f739ecbb24d1a38553034cfc45a:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u0dad7f739ecbb24d1a38553034cfc45a .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u0dad7f739ecbb24d1a38553034cfc45a .u0dad7f739ecbb24d1a38553034cfc45a-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u0dad7f739ecbb24d1a38553034cfc45a:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Consider the thematic and/ or symbolic significance of time in Pearce, P., Tom's Midnight Garden EssayOkonkwo liked the boy because he saw several good qualities in him that he wished his own son possessed. He had to be killed because of one of their customs. When it came time to kill Ikemefuna, Okonkwo delivered the second and final blow from his machete and killed the boy so that people would not think that he was weak. After Ikemefuna was killed, Okonkwo was unable to eat or drink for days because he was upset. But, he made himself get rid of those feelings and reminded himself that killing someone should not bother him because he feared being seen as weak, like a †Å"shivering woman† (p. 5). This same event is also a major breakdown for Okonkwo. Killing Ikemefuna represents killing off everything in which Okonkwo believed very strongly in. He saw many of his own qualities in Ikemefuna. He could have done a lot of good for the clan and Okonkwo was very proud of him but, he ends up killing Ikemefuna himself. Just as Okonkwo was gaining power and higher positions within the clan, he was banished for seven years for accidentally killing another member of the clan. They burned all his huts down and he and he and his family had to live in his motherland. Even though everyone knew that he was innocent and that the banishment was meant for murder, no one was willing to challenge the tradition. The fact that the Ibo people relied on tradition and would not accept change was a weak point in their society. As Okonkwo was preparing to return to Umuofia from his time is exile, he was expecting the people to be exited for his return. He thought they would be happy to have their warrior leader back home. Their reaction was not what he expected. He believed that the people had grown weak. The missionaries had also arrived in Umuofia. Okonkwo was not scared of them at first. He did not think that anyone would believe what they had to say. The arrival of the missionaries is the issue in the book in which there is the biggest clash of beliefs. When the Christian religion was introduced, many members of the clan who were not happy with the Ibo religion became interested. Some of the title-less men were also interested. Nwoye, who did not approve of leaving the supposedly evil twin babies in the woods or the killing of Ikemefuna, was also interested in Christianity because it taught that killing innocent people was wrong. When Okonkwo heard that Nwoye was visiting with the missionaries, he was infuriated and he kicked him out of the house. In general, Okonkwo was fearful and extremely resistant to the new religion because it had the potential of ruining the life long work of the clan of trying to please the gods of its ancestors. Just as we can see a difference in personal beliefs within the clan, we can also see the difference in customs or methods or motives between the two missionaries. Mr. Brown was a very passive and understanding man, whereas, Mr. Smith was more forceful and condemning of the people. He did not try to understand the customs of the clan, he simply told them that they were wrong and Christianity was right. Things really got heated up when a convert unmasked and killed an egwugwu. In revenge, the church was burnt down. Okonkwo and other members of the clan were brought before the commissioner and were harassed and beaten. It was after this that a town meeting was called. Okonkwo was infuriated and determined to fight the white men. When a messenger came to break up the meeting, Okonkwo was so enraged that he killed the man. In the end, Okonkwo committed suicide by hanging himself. He knew that the people would not fight and he was ashamed of what the Ibo society had become. â€Å"He knew that Umuofia would not go to war. He knew because they had let the other messenger escape. They had broken into tumult instead of action† (p. 205). Everything he lived for and believed in was going to be taken away by the white men. He did not want to see that happen so he took his own life. .u6cbb33e9f97dcbf56bd7809df570fc8b , .u6cbb33e9f97dcbf56bd7809df570fc8b .postImageUrl , .u6cbb33e9f97dcbf56bd7809df570fc8b .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u6cbb33e9f97dcbf56bd7809df570fc8b , .u6cbb33e9f97dcbf56bd7809df570fc8b:hover , .u6cbb33e9f97dcbf56bd7809df570fc8b:visited , .u6cbb33e9f97dcbf56bd7809df570fc8b:active { border:0!important; } .u6cbb33e9f97dcbf56bd7809df570fc8b .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u6cbb33e9f97dcbf56bd7809df570fc8b { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u6cbb33e9f97dcbf56bd7809df570fc8b:active , .u6cbb33e9f97dcbf56bd7809df570fc8b:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u6cbb33e9f97dcbf56bd7809df570fc8b .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u6cbb33e9f97dcbf56bd7809df570fc8b .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u6cbb33e9f97dcbf56bd7809df570fc8b .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u6cbb33e9f97dcbf56bd7809df570fc8b .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u6cbb33e9f97dcbf56bd7809df570fc8b:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u6cbb33e9f97dcbf56bd7809df570fc8b .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u6cbb33e9f97dcbf56bd7809df570fc8b .u6cbb33e9f97dcbf56bd7809df570fc8b-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u6cbb33e9f97dcbf56bd7809df570fc8b:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Awakening And Madame Bovary EssayYet, this is ironic because, in doing so, he was committing an act which was considered one of the worst actions a member could do in the Ibo society. Throughout the story we see how strong Okonkwo’s personal beliefs were and how much they meant to him. Beliefs, both personal and those of the society someone is born into, play a major role in their life. This story is an example of what happens when those beliefs are taken away and others are forced upon a person. Everyone needs to believe in something, and things fall apart when they no longer can.

Celta Focus on the Learner Essay Essays

Celta Focus on the Learner Essay Essays Celta Focus on the Learner Essay Essay Celta Focus on the Learner Essay Essay Learner Profile I interviewed ******** an Persian 31 twelvemonth old female pupil in the Level I category. ****’s native linguistic communication is Iranian ( Farsi ) . **** came to England a twelvemonth ago to fall in her Persian hubby who has been populating and working in England for the past 5 old ages. At present they have no kids. She has merely been go toing category at college for a few hebdomads where she is besides taking a category in mathematics in order to larn the right English nomenclature. **** is an enthusiastic and extremely motivated pupil who arrives at category early and contributes throughout the lesson. Her chief motive for larning English is that she wishes to travel to University to analyze for a grade in mathematics. Presently in her personal life she feels she has small demand or chance to utilize English. She and her hubby speak Persian entirely at place and they besides confine their telecasting sing to watching Iranian linguistic communication movies. She has mad e friends with a fellow Persian pupil and outside of lessons. and on occasion in the lesson. they communicate in Persian. **** attended English categories in Iran for one twelvemonth before coming to England. She describes the categories as big. with 30 or more pupils. and that the focal point was on grammar regulations. reading and authorship. Dolati and Seliman ( 2011 ) 1 have highlighted that this focal point accounts for a general failing of spoken English amongst Iranians. **** feels that the focal point on reading and authorship was necessary due to the trouble of altering from Arabic to Latin book and besides altering the way of the text to go forth to compensate. Merely on occasion did the category acquire the chance to watch a picture and hear spoken English and so hold the chance to discourse in English what they had seen. There were no chances to hear or talk English outside of the schoolroom. Due to this deficiency of pattern she peculiarly struggles with listening exercisings. She feels more confident when listening to the instructor when ocular AIDSs are used and confirmed that she is preponderantly a ocular scholar when she said that she truly likes the PowerPoint images used in category as the images helped her retrieve new vocabulary. She finds the speech patterns of her fellow pupils hard to understand at times. Problems Identified Two of the jobs that Iranian talkers frequently have when talking English. mentioned by Michael Swan and Bernard Smith in Learner English: A teacher’s usher to intervention and other jobs. were demonstrated by **** : Word emphasis in Persian is extremely predictable and tends to fall on the concluding syllable. **** predominately stressed the concluding syllable of words during the interview e. g. read’ing ( alternatively of ‘reading ) and Brom’ley ( alternatively of ‘Bromley ) . Conjunctions are used more often in Persian than in English. peculiarly at the beginning of sentences. The most common concurrence is ‘and’ . **** began a big figure of her sentences with the word ‘and’ . However. the job I wish to turn to is the skip of the ‘s’ stoping on the verb when utilizing the 3rd individual remarkable. Whilst this is a common job for all scholars. Aliakbari and Toni ( 2008 ) 2 have identified that this is a peculiar job for Iranian talkers when larning English. Persian merely has one pronoun for both he and she and. when talking once or to demo regard. plural verb terminations are usually used with the remarkable pronoun. When **** spoke about her hubby she systematically omitted the ‘s’ stoping from the verb e. g. â€Å"My hubby work†¦ . . † . â€Å"He live†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ . † and â€Å"He speak†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ . † . Suggested Activity As **** has shown that she is predominately a ocular scholar I will demo her the regulations for verb terminations utilizing a permutation tabular array that we can read through and discourse together ( Attachment 1 ) . I will utilize the verbs that she made mistakes with during our interview and mention back to our treatment to give the exercising context. The tabular array besides includes negative constructions and inquiries so that she understands that in these instances ‘do’ becomes the verb that must hold with the topic. I will inquire her to finish two gap-fill exercisings from English Grammar in Use by Raymond Murphy ( Attachment 2 ) to see if she can utilize the correct signifiers in a restricted manner. As the original errors were made whilst speech production. I will so inquire her once more about her current life to see if she is now able to utilize the mark linguistic communication right in freer pattern. If necessary we will reiterate the above stairss. Mentions1. Dolati. I A ; Seliman. S. ( 2011. September ) . An Probe On Persian Students’ Weaknesses In Spoken English. Journal of Edupres. Pages 94-99. Retrieved 28th October 2012. from hypertext transfer protocol: //eprints. utm. my/15930/1/JOE-1-2011-013. pdf

Business Report of Studentbeans Website Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Business Report of Studentbeans Website - Essay Example The three sections of website are: Easy money, Student 101 and World Weird Web. The goal is make students life in college as impressive and easy as possible. Unlike other students card saver schemes, this website is easy to use and does not cost one any money, registration is free. One is allowed to add or comment on areas that need improvement (Studentbeans Website). Background of the Study University life is such hard times for some students especially those from humble and unsupportive backgrounds. The challenges vary from financial, academic to social. Lack of adequate food and money for survival is a common phenomenon. Boring lectures, complicated assignments and marks awarding that depends on the student-lecturer relationship, uncooperative roommates and misleading friends is yet another problem. Another one is the search for ideal partners, relationship related problems and so on. Suicide, drinking, seeking spiritual support and attempt to live beyond means are some of the sol utions to their problems. Hence, students always need advice on budgetary control and interactive forums to learn from each other and be able to cope with life. Studentbeans website is such a brilliant idea. The Easy Money section of the website is concerned with saving money when required. Articles in this section cover topics such as hints, tricks and advice about saving cash, making money and working on a budget. The students 101 stories are concerned with campus life and anything that is appealing in the university life. Stories can either be funny or serious but must be appealing and educating. The world weird web contains fascinating, amusing and bizarre stories that make people go crazy. They are rated on the basis of credibility and freshness. The subdivision of sections is such a revolution because other sites do not categorise their sites according to sections (Studentbeans Website). In the modern business world, companies are charged with the task of making decisions abou t strategic uncertainty of what other companies might wish to do. These decisions vary from future market sizes, costs, and economic situations to bureaucracy. This means that companies are playing games with others, a game that involves a player and a chance. In this game, companies must take into account the role of information and awareness and what other companies can do or not. Studentbeans serves to provide students with money saving advice, games, discounts, content and articles related to life. In so doing, they have attracted hundreds of subscribers across the universities in the United Kingdom. Having analyzed other services provided to students such as students’ card saver schemes, the assumption is that the site is cheap (Hofer 1975, p84). Case Study Analysis Within any industry or market, some companies or organisations will surely outperform others. Like resources, capabilities are a valuable in a company in helping create a strong demand for its products and se rvices and lowering its costs. Similarly, the strategies that a company adopts can help it acquire new resources and capabilities or enhance the already existing resources and capabilities. Competitive advantage is the strategic advantage of a particular business venture over other businesses of the same (Hill & Jones, 2012 p13). Competitive Advantage Theory The theory was stipulated by Michael Porter in 1985.

Autobiography Fictionalized Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Autobiography Fictionalized - Essay Example I was a good obedient girl, thus I took my Barbie doll and a box filled with patchy handmade doll clothes I made from time to time during flushes of childish creativity and went to my room. Dad still wasn’t at home. Mom kept ironing bedlinen and his office shirts. â€Å"Honey, have you brushed your teeth?† I heard while I was diligently putting all my coloring books, pencils and dolls together (I was seven, but I was already clever and sedulous enough). I was naively thinking that father was always at home at the time I went to do my toilet in the evening. Scrubbing my teeth with one of those funny toothbrushes with hippo-shaped caps, I saw mom sitting at the table and crying over her cellphone. I’d never seen a tear shed by her – she’d always been so adult and strong and wise to me. My childish logic didn’t tell me anything better than to come over and hug her as a sign of comfort: We couldn’t sleep well that night. I was hugging my mother, while she lay with her back to me and held the phone in her hand. The phone was ringing continuously, but she wouldn’t answer, except for once, when she picked up the call and yelled haltingly: I was a little bit scared and puzzled, my childish mind didn’t want to admit that it was my father, though it was him. He must’ve hurt mommy or did something wrong, I thought. I hoped that there wasn’t my fault in their quarrel. The next morning, mom didn’t want to talk to me – or to anyone – at all. She cooked my usual Sunday pancakes, dressed them amply with blueberry jam and informed me that we were going for â€Å"a very long† walk in the park. Well, it was strange, for we always spent Sundays together with her and father either making some barbeque or going on one-day trips to some picturesque places. Well, dad never participated in our entertainment too actively: he’d rather walk around silently, smiling from time to

UK Budget Hotels Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

UK Budget Hotels - Case Study Example The industry will account for over a quarter of the total hotel industry market share come the year 2027, this is according to different research done. According to Melvin Gold a consultant in the industry and whom it is reported that has done the most comprehensive research in the industry, he states that the industry presently enjoys a market share of 12% and it is predicted that it will reach a market share of 26% in the next 20 years. This is attributed to the fact that consumers are increasingly demanding for low cost hotels. (Hotel benchmark, 2002) Despite a lower demand in the hotel sector, in the UK and Europe as whole, budget hotels and mid -market hotels have continued to grow at an average of 12%. The improvement of the budget hotel sector is witnessed in the UK market where the rate of occupancy has moved up. The sector is the only one posting improved occupancy in the hotel industry in the UK. The budget hotel sector has continued to grow despite the factor that the hotel industry has been declining. (Hotel benchmark, 2002) Premier inn budget hotels are the biggest UK band hotel, with a total of more than 32,500 rooms and a chain of over 490 hotels. Initial the chain was operated under the "travel in" name. The hotel chain is owned by Whitbread Company and it was opened to over competition to the Travelodge. The very first group of the hotel were built next to Beefeater in 1987-1988. Ever since 1987, the premier hotels have developed to become the biggest chain of hotels in the whole of UK. In the year 2004 Whitbread re-branded the travel inn company to be known as premier Travel Inn after acquiring the rival group Premier Lodge that was owned by Spirit group at a total sum of 505 US Dollars. The name has been re-branded again to Premier Inn in this year (2007) Company logo; source (Premier Inn, 2007) Premier inn summary information (Premier Inn, 2007) Type Public Founded 1987 Headquarters Flag of England Luton Area served United Kingdom Industry Hospitality Parent Whitbread Rooms capacity 32,500 Rooms The hotel chain has created a policy of having similar rooms in all of its hotels; the rooms usually have a double bed/ twin beds, a working desk, shelves, a TV set and a shower. Some rooms have extra pull-out beds or on sofa, there are referred as family rooms. Usually these rooms are not priced higher than the standard rooms, as they are same in size. In the year 2006 premier inn modified their general room design; however the rooms still have the same standard of facilities as in the past. Currently, the company offers a few numbers of rooms where smoking is allowed, but as from January 2008, the company aims at making banning smoking in all rooms. (Premier Inn, 2007) Pricing policy Premier Inn's charges a daily amount per room occupied not considering the number of people occupying the room, the maximum allowed number is two adults and two children. The price of a room according to the company website is from $ 48, however many of its chain charge a minimum of $55, though the pricing depends on where the hotel is located and on particular days of the week. For example prices are higher on a week day than during a weekend. Unlike their main competitor

History and development of child adoption

History and development of child adoption Introduction From the world â€Å"child adoption†, child means a young person of either sex, whether by birth or by adoption. While â€Å"adoption† mean the act or process of adopting a person â€Å"child adoption† means the legally act or process of making another person’s child part of your family so that he or she becomes one of your own children. Most of the adoption cases involved potential pool of adoptive parents who women are infertile. While others involve family planning where they decide not to be pregnant. Nevertheless, public will commonly ask is it necessary for the adoption to take place? Is child adoption an alternative to abortion and single parenting? Does adoption heal the child from severe abuse and neglect he/she faced in the biological family? Should child adoption be encouraged? Therefore, this research paper will be giving a view of the history of child adoption, types of child adoption, conditions that should fulfilled for child adoption, facto rs lead to the increase in child adoption, advantages and finally conclude on the disadvantages of child adoption. History of child adoption The kind of adoption as we know nowadays did not exist a hundred and fifty years ago. The kind of adoption in those days usually means a child moved in with relatives, or a child lived with an unrelated family in exchange as a labour. In these two situation, the adults who â€Å"adopt† the children did not legally become the children’s parents. Such kinds of adoption were often not long lasting, the â€Å"adopted† children were not expected to be threaten as biological children by the adoptive parents. However, after centuries of evolution, adoption had became a more and more formal arrangement, well-planned and have to go through legal process. By the end of the nineteenth century, most country had required that various legal steps to be taken before the adoption cases can be proceed. Examples of action included going in and out of the adoption agencies, an official surrender by the birth parents, issuance of an adoption decree by a judge, even consultation to b oth adoptive parents and birth parents if needed. (Currie.S, 1997) Now, child adoption have become a trend which was encouraged by many country as there are lots of advantages gain by the children and adoptive parents even the birth parents, though there are still disadvantages being sound by some parties. Types of child adoption Transracial adoption Transracial or transcultural adoption is a type of adoption where the adoptive parents adopt a child who come from a different races or ethic group. LGBT adoption LGBT adoption refers to lesbian, gay, bisexual, transsexual adoption. These is a special type of adoption where many country still arguing on its legalization. As LGBT are against the nature law. But currently, nine European countries allow LGBT adoption, these country are Germany, Belgium, Denmark, Spain, Iceland, Norway, the Netherlands, the U.K., and Sweden. (Crumley. B 2008) Single parent adoption A single parent adoption occurs when single men and women who have decided to become parents without marry with another person. They want to have the opportunity to provide a loving permanent home for a child. A reason why single parent adoption occurs is a successful, independent single man or woman does not want to give up his or her freedom and assume the responsibilities of raising up a child. International adoption A international adoption occurs when single parent or couple from a particular country planning to adopt a child from another country. This type of adoption usually gone through an adoption agency. Sometimes, the adoptive parents do not even meet with the adopted child until the adoption processes were done. Eligibility criteria that should fulfilled for child adoption In Australia, adoption is bind by the Adoption Act 2000. According to the act, a person or couple who interested in adoption a child must fulfilled the following eligibility criteria: Parenting A person who wish to become an adoptive parents, should ensure that himself/herself can raise up a child who does not share the same biological and perhaps cultural heritage as himself/ herself. They also have to ensure that the adopted child is fully aware of their life story including information about birth family and culture of their own origin. Besides that, they also have to accept and try to understand the situation where adopted child may seek to clarify their identity when reach adolescence stage. According to Eleanor,H,A (1997), adoptive parents should treat the child as a real member of the house hold, never treat them as a outsider. Personal Characteristics Adoptive parents are expected to retain health and vigour to raise a child until adulthood. This is very important as when the child reach adolescence stage, where this stage is very particular, the adoptive parents should have enough energy to take care of them. Their physical and psychological health should not interfere with their ability to take care their adopted child until a particular stage where they can take care of themselves. Reputation A person or couple have to be of good repute. According to the law, whoever has a record of violence, sexual assault, emotional abuse or a crime against a child will disqualify them from adopting a child. Current statistical information on child adoption According to AIHW (2007), in year 2005 till 2006, there were 576 adoption cases occurred in Australia, a 2% decrease if compared to the statistic made in a year before. Referring to figure 5.1 below, clearly shows that almost three-quarters of the adoption cases were intercountry or known as international adoption, 16% were â€Å"known† adoptions and 10% were local adoptions. While refers to figure 5.2 below, it shows that the majority of adopted children were aged younger than 5 years(76%), with more than half of these aged less than 1 year. Females are generally more than males adoptee with 55% compared to 45%. According to the statistic report, the number of adoptions is different in all the states and territories. States with larger populations for example New South Wales, Victoria, Queensland has the highest number of adoptions, but lowest rate of adoptions per 100,000 population. Rates of adoptions were highest in Australian Capital Territory, the Northern Territory and Tasmania. Factors leading to child adoption To overcome infertility. Infertility is the state of being unable to produce offspring. For a woman it is an inability to conceive; while for a man it is an inability to impregnate. For this cases, couples usually choose to adopt a child though there are plenty of other treatment such as drug therapies hormone therapy, surgical intervention, intra-uterine insemination (IUI), in vitro fertilization (IVF), gamete intra-fallopian transfer (GIFT) and others as the cost for these treatments are not low. For the less capable family, they will choose to adopt. Thought adoption cannot solve the problems associated with infertility, it will provide the infertile couple with the challenges and rewards of loving and being loved by a child. (Fertility Today, 2008) 6.2 Poverty Poverty is defined as the state of having little or no money and few or no material possessions. In some cases, parents succumb to sickness, and they are unable to work, thus providing no financially support to their children. If there are some savings, they have no choice but goes towards health care costs. As a results, they have ignored their children’s needs, such as school fees and clothing. (Global Action For Children Organization, 2008) According to Currie,S. (1997), report shows that there were five million homeless and abandoned children living in India alone just because of poverty. Though the report was made in 1987, but the number of homeless children at that particular time had already reached a serious stage. India as the second populous country in the world, for sure, the number of homeless children is even more now. 6.3 Orphans and Vulnerable Children ( OVC) According to the statistical number made by the Global Action For Children Organization (2008), there are 143 million children in the developing world have lost one or both parents. 20million children will be orphaned by HIV/AIDS alone by the year 2010. Children who faced this kind of situation must often leave their family and may not accepted by extended family members. Besides that, children may be orphaned by some other reasons such as natural disaster. In the article written by Unmesh. K (2008), posted in Time Magazine, tens of thousands of children have been either separated from their parents or orphaned, caused by the killing tsunami on 2005. The most update one is the earthquake disaster happened in china on 12th of May 2008, had caused an estimated of 4,000 children became orphans. According to Wendy.K(2008), adoption agencies are receiving a surge in phone calls from people who want to adopt Chinese children who were orphaned by the deadly earthquake happened in SiChuan, C hina. Thus, for the above cases, the most suitable â€Å"treatment† for this kind of children is to put them under adoption. There is always someone who care about them and adopt them as one of their family members. Advantages of child adoption Adoption benefits everyone in the adoption triad. Many of these benefits are helpful to the birthmother and birthfather. Other benefits are directed at the child who is being placed for adoption and/or the adoptive parents Adoption brings a positive ending to a challenging situation and benefits everyone involved. I will discuss about the advantages of adoption for the birthparents, the adoptive parents and the child.parents and the child. Giving the child a better life According to Currie,S. (1997), child adoption can save a child from a bleak future. This is clearly means that adoption can give a neglected or orphaned child a better life. As some parent cannot afford to give child a good life due to many reasons such as poverty, or some disease such as AIDS/HIV(Global Action For Children Organization, 2008). The cannot afford to give their child education, good staying environmental or even have no ability to feed their children. Thus, putting their child for adoption is the best way to save their child as adoption provides the love and support of adoptive parents who are emotionally and financially ready to the child. Adoptive parent can also give the child a warm home and greater probability of good educational resources that they may not receive from the biological parents. Orphaned child such as in the case of China earthquake can get an opportunity to live normally. (Wendy, K 2008) Fulfilling birthparents and adopting parent’s dreams Through child adoption, couple who faced infertility problems can fulfill their dream of having a child. (American Pregnancy Association 2000). In the case of China family, who are bind to the one child policy, family can fulfilled their dreams of having a male child through adoption too. Reducing world population Adoption can also reduces the world population. Through adoption, couples who does not want to contribute to the increasing in world population can choose to adopt a child. There is always the adoption agency around the world which can help in the adoption cases. 7.4 Financial assistance offered to adoptive parents According to Cullen, L.K. (2007), some companies in U.S adoption assistant, it found that $4700 is offered on average per adoption and about double that if a child has special needs. Companies also giving worker an average of five weeks of paid parental leave. Disadvantages of child adoption If there are advantages, for sure there are also disadvantages. Child adoption may brings some negative impact for all parties. Pressure and mental stress In the process of adoption, children may feel stress. According to Unmesh.K (2008), orphaned children in the tsunami disaster who are placed for adoption may suffering from both physical and psychological trauma after seeing their family member drown in the terrible disaster. They cannot keep themselves out from the nightmare, thus usually being diagnosed with a behavior or emotional problem after the adoptions. For older children in the case of international adoption and transracial adoption, will be harmed by being separated from their original culture. According to Currie, S (1997), children are â€Å"whisked away in cars to arrive at strange houses full of objects they’ve never even imagined†. They have to learn the ways of a new culture, meet people of different races, learned new language, which can be extremely difficult. According to Levy-Shiff, R.(2001), adopt a child at a older age will increase the risk for maladjustment, as the child having difficulties in adapting to the adoptive family. While for the adoptive parents, according to Palacios, J. (2006), adoptive parent who adopted a special needs children, children who have undergone difficult institutional experiences, will exhibit a higher stress. Besides that, adopt more than one child is also said to be correlated with stress. 8.2 Stress faced by grown up children According to Fertility Today Organization (2008), when reached a particular stage such as adolescence, children often feel curious about those who play important roles in their lives. Usually, adoptive children will want to know about their biological roots. When a adopted child â€Å"accidentally† found out that he/she is adopted, meanwhile his/her adoptive parents have been dishonest to him/her, he/she may might feel upset or abandoned. Thus, its very important to let adoptive child has a clear picture about his/her personal birth origins hence a better self-esteem can be build. Yet researches at the University of Minnesota have found that a small minority of adoption children, about 14% are diagnosed with a behavioral disorder or have contact with a mental health professional as adolescents. (Kingsbury, K. 2008) Conclusion We know that children require nurturing environments to thrive today and to have promising prospects for tomorrow. Common sense, confirmed by my research, tells that children who are neglected or orphaned by certain reason will do best if removed from the bleak and placed permanently with families where they will receive the kind of nurturing likely to help them removed from their situation. Thus, it is clearly stated that child adoption has more advantages than disadvantages, and child adoption should be strongly encouraged ignoring the little disadvantages.

Frankenstein Versus Prometheus Essay -- Compare Contrast Essays

Frankenstein Versus Prometheus What do a god and a crazy doctor have in common? Nothing right! Wrong! In the stories Prometheus and Frankenstein the protagonists are very alike in many ways. They both tried to play god, steal, and they both get punished for what they did.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the stories Prometheus and Frankenstein the protagonists both tried to play God in their own way. They did this by trying to create their own being or race to worship them. In the story Prometheus, the protagonist Prometheus takes all the human beings under his wing and teaches them the beginning of civilization and changes their lives completely. "He grudged men all the gifts that Prometheus had given them and he was angry with Prometheus for granting to these wretched creatures of an hour the ability to shape their lives into something better and to rise their thoughts up to heaven itself." Pg.5. In the story Frankenstein, the protagonist creates a creature to worship and control. Dr. Frankenstein is trying to be a god which is why he is trying to create this new race. "I became myself capable of bestowing animation upon lifeless matter. What had been the study and desire of the wisest men since the creation of the world was now within my grasp." Pg.167. To h old their roles of playing Gods both characters in each story had to steal to get the creation they wanted, which is what they both did.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Prometheus and Frankenstein both stole different things to achieve their own creations but their ...